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Pnotographic 

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CIHM/ICMH 
Microfiche 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibiiographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
*'he  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


^ 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couieur 


Pn    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagde 

□    Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur^e  et/ou  pellicul^e 

□    Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

□    Coloured  maps/ 
Cartes  gdographiques  en  couieur 

□    Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  da  couieur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

□    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  at/ou  illustrations  an  couieur 

S    Sound  with  other  material/ 
Relii  avec  d'autres  docurrsei 


D 


□ 


D 


jrrsents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

Lareliure  serree  peut  causer  de  i'ombre  ou  de  la 
distorsion  le  long  de  is  marge  interieure 

E.lank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  baen  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  dune  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais.  lorsque  cela  dtait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  iti  film^es. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl^mentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  eti  possible  de  sa  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cat  exe>nplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  irnage  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  una 
modification  dans  la  m^thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu^s  ci-dessous. 


r~n    Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couieur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restaur^es  et/ou  pelliculdes 


ry(   Pages  damaged/ 

I      I    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


Q    Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  ddcolordes,  ^achetdes  ou  piquees 

□    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ddtachees 

0Showthrough/ 
Transparence 


varies/ 
inigale  de  I'impression 


□    Quality  of  print 
Quality  indgale  ( 

Includes  suppler 

Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I      I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 
I      I    Only  edition  available/ 


□    Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  hpve  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partieilement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  it6  film^es  i  nouveau  de  facon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 
Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu*  ci-dessous. 
10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


12X 


16X 


J 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

National  Library  of  Canada 


L'exemplaire  film4  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
g^n^rositd  de: 

Bibliothdque  nationale  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetd  de  l'exemplaire  film6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim^e  sont  film6s  en  commengant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmds  en  commengant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — »►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Stre 
film^s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supdrieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  ndcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mdthode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

I!         'i 


m 


^/ 


THE 


FUTURE    RELATIONS 


OP   THE 

English-Speaking  Communities. 


AN     ESSAY 

BEAD   BEFOHK   THE 

ELEVENTH   CONVENTION 

OF  THE 

North  America  St.  George's  Union, 

AT 

CHICAGO, 

AuKH8tSO»18S4, 
BY 

CHARLES     F.    BENJAMIN, 

OP 

WASHINGTON,  D.  G. 


WASHINGTON,    P.  C. 
GIBSON  BROTH  EH8,  PKINTEIIS. 

1884. 


-i^- 


\  :\ 


^ 


S^#C-| 


"Kv'n  now  we  hoar  with  inward  strife 
"A  motion  toiliug  in  the  gloom— 
"The  Spirit  of  the  years  to  come 

"Yearning  to  mix  himself  with  Life." 

"A  Hlow-develop'd  strength  awaits 
•     "C!ompletion  in  a  painful  scliool ; 
"Phantoms  of  other  forms  of  rnle, 
"New  Majesties  of  mighty  vStates --" 

"The  warders  of  the  growing  hour, 

"But  vague  in  vapour,  hard  to  mark; 
"  And  round  them  sea  and  air  are  dark 

"With  great  contrivances  of  Power." 

-  -Tennyson. 


rilE    FUTUliE    RELATIONS 


OF    THE 


English-Speaking  Communities. 


Bv  the  phi'HHt!  " Eii.iflisli-Hpoaking'  commnnitieH "  is  meant  that 
^a-oup  of  poHtical  societu's.  having;-  thoii-  Hcats  in  tho  British  Isles, 
North  America,  Anstralasia,  and  South  Africa,  which  has  for  a 
connnon  inheritance  the  language,  literature,  laws,  and  habitudes 
popularly  described  as  Anglo-Saxon.  Of  the  whole  number  of 
individuals  cmistituting  the  group  more  than  one-half  are  em- 
bodied in  a  single  connnimity,  occupying  an  extensive  and  com- 
pact territory,  exercising  sovereignty  in  its  political  affairs,  con- 
sciously restricting  its  couuuercial  intercourse  with  the  other 
members  of  the  group  according  to  its  view  of  what  is  con- 
ducive to  its  industrial  dev(^lopinent.  and  having  a  strong  senti- 
mental attachment  for  what,  in  default  of  a  better  generical  terra, 
we  may  call  Anglo-Saxonism.  although  its  characteristics  are  no- 
ticeably moditicd  fi-om  the  ideal  Anglo-Saxon  type  by  extensive 
admixture  with  other  race  elenu'uts,  as  well  as  by  influences  due 
to  contact  with  the  vast  and  originally  savage  domain  wherein  it 
has  spent  the  two  centuries  and  more  of  its  existence.  Nearly 
one-tenth  of  the  mi'mbers  of  this  connnunity  are  of  negro  descent, 
but  these,  having  been  for  nearly  'JOG  years  domesticated  with  the 
most  Saxon-like  portion  of  the  white!  inhabitants,  exert  no  diverg- 
ing influence  upon  such  Anglo-Saxon  tendencies  as  are  current 
among  the  donunant  race. 

Bordering  upon  thts  United  States  is  another  member  of  the 
family,  similarly  possessed  of  an  ample  and  (contiguous  territory, 
exercising  political  independence  without  formal  sovereignty,  pur- 
suing somewhat  h^ss  rigidly  a  like  connnercial  policy,  having  a 
more  active  sense  of  t\w  family  unity,  less  affec^ted  by  the  presence 
of  Teutonic  and  Celtic  elements  of  population ;  but,  on  the  other 


s^ 


If 


5I 


rial  oxt„,t,.  ayricultu  ,  !    "•  'i'"';'"';''  "'""'""^-  ""  '"  '<'"'"- 

»omeof  the,:  I,,  ,"';'""  ''"."  "'-K-i-tion  a,„l,  „„  to 

conuected  with  th„  „  ti  e  t rib         '"    ?«  r'*  «™™  '''■"'*■»« 
In  South  Africa  a™    vo  Ih  '"  *'''^' '"'™  ""in'hnied. 

w-e  ,.,.„  ,„.,.rt™:; : :  r;::™"^^     -■'-<'  over  „ 

pohtical  concerns  harinir  a  !!       .■       T  '  '  """  ''"""■''> '"  "'eir 

trioo«,  progressive,  and  e„te  J"  ^,;  t  „  ™''"',">''  l'"'''  ""'"»- 
tionwhereiu  tradition  and  fao  b  Si  H  'T'"'""'  °''^'"""'- 
each  other  in  a  nndtitnde  „f  IT  ""'''  "'  ''""»<•  ™«8 

and  the  despair  :;' ttltrt:  .'I  ^  "ihT  "'"  r'""™"™ 
family  has  a  domestic  ,,ue„tion  of  the  «1  ■  T  """"'""■  "'  "'« 
■of  a  snb-co„„a„„it,v  Ln^ri^Zl^'Z'''"''''''''''''^^'''"^' 
auee,  discontent,  resentment  an  t?  1  ''"'"''''♦™"  V"'-'"^}-  ignor- 
a'thou,,,  there  is  gre^lT mc  it  'i  "th!.  T '^'  T™"'  """ 
pared  with   earlier  days,  a  variety        ne  'T'"'  ""  '•'""" 

aggravate  the  mischief  ,  ha,  re' nain,     '""""'''•"■""'  '«'"  "sen  to 

lion,  except  tlmt  the  i».rpnf    i   I  ^^^'"'^'' '*"  "^^»  adiuinistra- 

others  bni  the  ^iiJz  s^  :,:rrit::rf'''-:™'- "« ""> 

with  a  large  expenditure  in  tl'ie  nLinl  !     c  ^    r!:,"'  1^'"'T' 
and  these  relations  arp  nJ.niff   ii  '^'^^  •^"tioot.     1  his  status 

the  elements  of  T^ZJ^Im  T'^'fT"-  ""'  '"'™  ""■'• 
ever,.ontc,„  with  the  c'  ,  1  ?;""''',''  '"'  ''■'"""'"^'  ""'  <"'- 
appearance  of  depe  1,  ,^;  ":":'''■'••.  *"■'■"''  -  't  is  by  the 
tion  in  the  existiL  ',.,.,!  ^""; ,'  f"  '"  "  »™ti,„ental  satisfac- 
-ntiment  count    for  m^'h.u  :  """"■  ™"""-^'  '""'  """ 

experience  and  by  tL  «it     1^      I'"      T  ""  '"'""■  ''^^  """■-»'" 
gestion  of  a  ehangeC  J     'e  :,„;:''''  ''"'"  ['"' ,'"  '""  """"  »■"^'■ 

--■--stfederate:i:irc^r;s::i:^r::::^^^^^^^ 


HI 


8 


In  those  days,  every  iivemic  to  powor  and  diHtinftion  must  be  open 
to  lier  sons  in  a  liritiHh  confederation,  or  she  nuiHt  endow  them 
with  satiHlyin^r  careers  in  other  (hreetionH.  It  cannot  be  that  her 
statesmen  will  forever  rest  content  with  those  minor  honors  which 
iu  the  sovereign  state  are  deemed  the  appropriate  rewards  of  suc- 
{^essful  tradesmen,  nmnicdpal  zealots,  and  the  useful  but  incon- 
spicuous functionaries  of  a  court  or  a  ministry.  Nor,  on  the  other 
hand,  will  the  central  government  perpetually  charge  itself  with 
the  defence  of  Canada  and  her  interests  without  an  effective  voice 
in  the  direction  of  her  affairs  and  a  substantial  contribution  in  aid 
of  imperial  expenditure.  And  the  case  will  be  the  same,  in  both 
aspects,  with  regard  to  Australia  and  South  Africa,  though  prob- 
ably not  so  soon. 

What,  then,  are  to  be  the  relations  of  the  future  ?  Columbia 
(using  for  the  nonce  the  popular  term  of  personification  for  the 
United  States)  will  assuredly  continue  her  indei)endent  career, 
largely  occui.ying  herself  in  the  reformation  of  her  generally 
inefficient  and  too  often  corrupt  municipalities,  exchanging  waste- 
fulness for  economy  in  her  modes  of  cultivation,  gradually  adapt- 
ing her  social  structure  to  the  needs  of  a  population  ever  growing 
in  density  and  culture,  and  in  time  emancipating  herself  from  that 
servile  devotion  to  the  almighty  dollar  which  lies  at  the  root  of  the 
anomalous  and  reproachful  discontent  so  widely  spread  amongst 
masses  that  are  really  free,  intelligent  and  prosperous.  Manifest 
destiny  will  be  accomplished  by  the  extension  of  her  boundaries 
to  the  isthmus  of  Darien,  (a  movement  foreshadowed  by  the  ])eace- 
ful  invasion  of  Mexico  progressing  before  our  eyes,)  and  this  will 
result  from  the  inevitable  logic  of  events,  without  violence,  cun- 
ning, or  premeditation.  Nor  will  this  great  exi)ansion  seriously 
or  permanently  affect  the  fundamental  institutions  of  the  country  ; 
for,  in  lieu  of  standing  armies  ami  arbitrary  governments,  the  pio- 
neers and  adventurers  of  the  movement  will  carry  with  them  those 
I)olitical  habits  out  of  which  local  government,  directed  by  law  and 
devoted  to  order,  spontaneously  arises  whensoever  and  whereso- 
ever but  a  handful  of  English-speaking  and  English-thinking  men 
find  themselves  projected  beyond  the  frontier  of  theii-  accustomed 
civilization. 

( 'anada,  grown  too  large  for  pi-esent  bonds  and  yet  clinging  to 
a  tie  that  is  all  the  stronger  for  holding  by  the  heart  rather  than 


I 


ill 


Hio  lioad,  will  (lonl)t!(>sH  ,l,,iiv  r,...       i  •. 

••'■ f-'-K, „.,,;'  ,  ;;;;:"'■  "■"■  -p'-i'""  -i...n,o„ 

"""""» i"  th,.  i,„i,i, ,    :' "  "''"  '""-I'l" '!"•  f"".iiv„f 

""t  ti„.  »,„.iui  ,11,,.,.  „f  ,,   V     '"■  i":r"' '"''"™'  'i'"""- 

liKl't"  of  tl>„.s,.  ,„t,„.   ,      ,"  '"'"'''■  '■""-l'l'"-.l   H .■ ;,   t„  M„. 

"...1  "v..-„.,.,.|,i,„.     ,,„"■'""'  ""'■'■ ■-  wl,i,.h  ,..,.„.„„„„„t 

»»ki„K  ti,„,  s„iv,.  " ,  ...  , "";',"' '""  •'"'""'"'■"'  '"•  '""'-1 

bo   iihlo  to  iviii(.„il)«.r    uj*i,      ^  1 -A  -''^^«"  now,  thcviimv 

"....OS.........  ,u.,. ,",; ,  't-" ; ;; :  ":^'"''  v  "■■"■  • -  .•■■....»' 

of  H„utht.,.|v  ext,,,si„„  i,;.,,  ■  "  '•'".".'■.■l.»..'«.  to  »..|„.„„.» 

«...vc..v.  ■n„.v  :\  ;;"'''■;':";''.''''' '""''""'"■' -" •^'■■■"■".. 

wl.ole,„.e„  of-  ,1,     r ,     .,,   '"T"     '"'     "'""■  •'"■  J"-otio„„f  the 

-.1 1-,,,.,  have.  ,„.    ,:  't:,. :  .f'^-  r. ";-  '^■"«- - 

.be   bonk.,-  sl,o„l,l  ,v„,k  ,','""."'""""•"■'"■"'...■'...  ov,.,. 
»l.o.,t,u,t.o„«Iv,    if  e,v,.,.  i,  ,"      """■'""'■'    ."..(.'   .l....'.v<.,I,  «i]l,.„,u„ 

'i.o»o  «h„  »,;..„,,  i,  ,,,."""■  ;;'"■"  /""■ "..-."..  .•"..vi,.ii«„  of 
™>.fe,,„.a„„„  ,„o.fc,,_,,  „„„„,„';";:  ''"■"'■""^™.  «"«>. ....»'. ... .. 


■ '  '  f 


sn.-lo  Htq),  nn.l  with  this  fnrihvv  oxcoptio,,,  tliat  tho  H-at,  of  na- 
tional Kovornnumt  will  always  n,,min  in  AuHtmlia,  altl.on^.h  the 
rq.ul. he  iH  .lostin.xl  to  sprea.l  over  the  ^vvniov  part  of  Oroanica. 

l<oIlow.n-  doHc.Iy  tlu.  Htt.p.s  of  Australia  wo  nmv  look  to  see 
^oulli  All  ica.  when,  in  .hi.-  <'ours(,  of  t\w  dovelopnient  of  hor  po- 
litical institutions,  h.-r  tini..  of  snvorci^nitv  shall  vmiw.  she  will 
have  room  inal,unchuu-(.an(l  r(3sour(.es..,naI  to  any  rationahlreaniH 
ot  extension. 

JJut  how  will  it  fare  with  the  ,l,>ar  oKl  Mother  at  home,  after  her 
children,  all  -rown  to  manhood,  shall  have  started  in  life,  for  them- 
selves ?     Will  her  ^.lory  or  her  fortune  be  dimmed,  or  her  natural 
torce  abated  f     Confi.lently  may  <^o  forth  the  answer :  She  will  be 
no  whit  the  less  active,  or  happy,  or  fIourishin^^     That  practical 
sagacity  which  has  never  failed  her  at  a  c-risis  (except  in  that  one 
m.huppy  moment  when  she  lost  America)  will  teach  her  when  and 
how  to  win  and  hold  to  her  side  (just  as  Canada  and  Australia 
have  111  part  won  and  held  for  her)  the  masses  of  that  generous 
In.t  .'motional  people  who  have  not  yet  been  permitted  to  learn 
that  Anglo-Saxon  energy  and  slnvwdness  have  their  counterparts 
II.  Anglo-SaX(m  justice  and  geiu-n.sity.     And  wh.-n  law  an<l   gov- 
ernment m  Ireland  shall  have  been  established  upon  the  only  true 
toundations,    so   that   cp.ity  and   reason   are   satisfied,  folly  and 
iMi.iuity  may  vainly  dash  their  heads  against  the  rocks,  and" Eng- 
land will  have  made  a  coiupiest  at  her  very  door  worth  to  her  far 
moiv  than  that  lu.asted  Indian  empire  whose  t.-eming  population 
IS.  m  the  mass,  as  little  touched  by  Euroj.ean  habit  and   thou.dit 
as  when  Clive  lirst  gave  life  and  impulse  to  that  vast  network'' of 
bureaucracy  and  olHcialism  which  passes  at  home  for  the  genuine 
spread  and  i)enetration  of  eivili/atiou. 

Next  in  importance  to  the  work  of  a  real  pacification  of  Ireland 
(which,  for  better  or  worse,  is  join«;d  politically  to  England  by  an 
inexorable  law  of  nature)  is  the  pursuit  and  enlai-gement  of'  the 
great  scheme  of  universal  eilucation  so  hai)])ily  begun  but  a  few 
years  ago  ;  for  it  is  in  the  (quality  rather  than  the  size  of  a  popu- 
lation that  strength  and  safety  lie,  and  with  nations,  as  with  indi- 
viduals, happiness  is  more  to  be  desired  than  acquisition. 

CUosely  connected  with  the  question  of  education  is  that  of  re- 
ligion :  for  what  would  be  the  gain  in  exchanging  dullards  and 
sots  for  voluptuaries  and  shari)ers  ?     Religion,  then,  must  be  set 


1 


6 

fre.  to  KrowH.ulHtn.nKtl.onl.y  loosing,  tho  onorvatin^.  bond  bo 
twm.n  tlu,  Stut.  HM.l  s.dunun.H.n  that  has  lon^^  .,uMast.,l  whatHc- 
over  there  .nay  have  ho.n  „f  ,n..rit  in  Uh  h.,Mn„inK  OHinal  hvh- 
U'lUH  of  t,u  h  a>ul  ,.H>ralH  have  uHually  l.orne  pradi.-al  fruit  .,f  u  fi. 
<lehty  ami  hypocriHy. 

rniheKou.lti.net<>whi,.h   we  are  l.u.king   f.nwanl  th.  H.nall 
'""'/•'•''•<■*'>'••;  «Jo..bly  pHMiouH  heritaK'e  of  lan.l   in  Uritain  will  Ih, 
''m.h.  t<.  yu.lcl  its  nrnxinnuu  ..f  vsHliu-in^^   l,y  enmnnpatinK  it  from 
thoHe  renumntH  of  th.  f..ulal  Hysten.  an.l  habit  that  still  obstruct 
Its  ree  use  and  transf.-r.     l>ubli<.  spnit  will  b.  strengthen...!  bv  tho 
institution  ol  provincial  assemblies  to  legislate  upon  local  concerns 
an,   flu-Kreat  purlian.cnt  thus  r.-scue.!  from  the  paralvsis  that  is 
""•I'-n-.n.inn-  it.     The  national  ...er^Mes,  too   much   .-aptivate.!  at 
tuyes  by  the  soun.l  of  the  .hum  beat  that  r.>lls  aroun.i  the  world, 
will  be  hereafter  in.-reasin.rly  .levot.ul   to   bettering  the  c.m.liti.m 
of  every  member  of  the  p..pulation  at  home  and  every  foot  of  the 
native  soil.     And  why  shouM  they  not !     The  see.ls  .if  AnLrl.,-Sax- 
onism.  grown  in  the  small  island  gar.len,  have  been  ..arrie.l  ..ver 
hearth,  plante,!  in  kimlly  soil  ami   have  taken  str.,ng  r.,ot,  so 
hut  n...ther  wiml.  n..r  rain,  n.)r  frost,  nor  heat  .-an  .1,.  them  uught 
but  go..,l  lH.r.>aft..r.  an.l  th.-  husbun.lm...,  mav  w.,11  turn  for  a  time 
to  improving  the  fruitful  bods  and  bor.lers  that  hav..  so  enriched 
the  terrestrial  2)artH  of  the  universe. 

S.-Hted  upon  the  ocean  and  incapable  of  territorial  expansion, 
b.)th  .ir.-umstan.-e  an.]  necessity  will  combine  to  preserve  to  the 
Motlu.rlan.l  h.-r  suprema.-y  in  manufa.'tures  and  navigation,  for 
the  r..st  ..f  the  family  have  t.,.)  wi.l..  a  range  of  phice  and  fun.ai.,n 
to  concentrate,  f.,r  .-enturies  yet.  uj.on  th..s..  tw.)  in.lustries  as  she 
can  and  must  an.l  will  do.  Thus,  tlmugh  her  populati.m  will  m..r., 
and  more  hll  her  boun.ls,  it  will  continu.-  to  tin.l  better  stamlin-.- 
room  and  a  larg.'r  field  of  action,  and  any  who  may  long  f.^-  .-haiige 
will  always  hav.-  a  br.)a.l  choL-e  in  migration,  without  the  sense  or 
pain  of  exile, 

The  historical  monuments  an.l  m.Muories  .)f  England  will  for- 
ever .'onstitute  her  a  shrine  to  which  unceasing  pilgrimages  fr.»iu 
the  newer  Englands  will  be  nia.le.  She  will  long  pr...s,.rv.,  her 
throne,  her  hereditary  legislature  and  her  stately  ancestral  homes, 
an.l  tho  influence  of  ancient  names  will  long  survive ;  but  all  of 
these  in  .n'derly  subor.lination  to  whatsoever  shall,  at  any  time,  be 


'<!  wlmtHo- 
nicial  HVH 
nit  of  iiili- 

tln>  Hiimll 
bin  will  bo 
1^  it  from 
I  (»I>Htni<'t 
<'(!  by  the 
coiK'm'iis 
iH  that  is 
iviitrtl  Jit 
Ih'  world, 
condition 
ot  of  the 
iiglo-Sux- 
ried  over 
f  root,  so 
'in  might 
)r  u  time 
enriched 

pansion, 
0  to  the 
tion,  for 
function 
ss  UH  she 
t'ill  nior<i 
ftimding 
■  change 
senHe  or 

will  for- 
es from 
'iv(;  her 
homes, 
it  all  of 
lime,  be 


HtroMgly  recogni/e.l  hk  tho  public  g«r  I  or  the  public  wish.  No- 
where elHo  will  b«.  found  Hiich  <'oncem.  .ion  of  mimberH,  ri<-hoH, cul- 
ture, knowledge,  leiHure.  social  life,  and  of  whatever  else  best  minis- 
tors  to  the  senses  and  faculties  of  civili/od  society,  Whether  for 
recreation  or  instruction,  it  is  to  England  that  the  seeker  will  in- 
creasingly  turn  for  his  highest  giatitication.  Many  and  many  a 
day  will  the  N.nv  /ealander  be  found  sitting  contemplatively  upon 
London  Bridge,  but  vain  will  be  his  (pjest  for  the  broken  arch  to 
wliich  tlu*  splemlid  but  often  inaccurate  diction  of  Mucaulay  has 
invited  him. 

An  Knglish  sociologist  has  lately  ventured  to  forecast  the  census 
rolls  of  the  English-speaking  nations  as  they  will  ai)p(.ar  a  century 
hetic.!.    Taking  the  pres.ait  numbers  and  the  ratio  of  increase  dur- 
ing some  half  a  century,  and  reducing  to  approximate  calculations 
every  accelerating  and  retarding  influence  suggested  by  reason  or 
exi  erience,  he  assigns  to  the  Ameiican  Union  of  the  futui-e  a  popu- 
lation of  eight  hundred   millions;  to  Canada  sixty  millions ;  to 
Australia  forty-tive  milhons ;  to  the  Cape  (.'olonies  fifteen  millions, 
and  to  the  lirilish   Isles  seventy  njillions— in  all  nearly  one  thou- 
sand millions  of  people  speaking  a  common   tongue,  possessed  of 
a  literature  the  richest  in  the  world,  having  the  highest   training 
and  the  broadest  experience  in  political  and  social  concerns,  striv- 
ing not  altogether  vainly  towards  a  moral  standard  the  most  ex- 
cellent yet  proiiered  to  the  observance  of  mankind,  and  behind  and 
besid«.  all,  the  i))-estige  of  more  than  a  thousand  years  of  unrivalled 
a:id  unceasnig  in  ogn^ss.     Stupendous  as  these  estimates  are,  they 
become  oidy  the  more  convincing  as  grounds  of  refutation  or  niodi 
tication  are  sought.    It  was,  perhaps,  in  the  ecstasy  of  a  prophetic 
vision  of  such  a  future  that  one  of  England's  poets  addressed  to 
all  who  speak  the  tongue  which  he  so  loved  and  adorned,  this  in- 
vocation— 

"  Oh  y<!  will),  in  cteriml  youth, 
Spt'iik  with  11  living  iiml  croativo  tluoii 

"  This  universal  English,  iinti  do  stand 

"  ItH  brouthing  liouk  ;  livo  worthy  of  thiit  grand 

"  Heroic  utterauco— jmrttul,  yet  a  whoh' : 

'•  Fur,  yot  unsevirod  ;  children,  brave  and  free, 

"  Of  the  groat  luothor-tougne— and  ye  shall  bo 

"  Lords  of  an  (inipire  wide  as  Shakspeare's  soul, 

"  Sublime  as  Milton's  inuuoniorial  theme, 

.\nd  rifh  us  Chaucer's  speech,  ami  fair  as  Spenser's  dream." 


